During a home inspection, the professionals at HomePro Inspections check for a multitude of potential issues. When it comes to sidewalks, driveways, and concrete slabs, we note any cracked concrete we may find. Truth be told, in this part of the state, it is safe to say that there are two kinds of concrete: the kind that is cracked and the kind that is going to crack.
What are expansive soils?
Expansive soils are known for their ability to swell and shrink in response to changes in moisture levels and temperatures. In this part of the country, blue and green clays are problematic. These soils can cause severe problems for structures built on them, as they have the potential to crack foundations and damage sidewalks and roads. Engineers typically use special foundations and construction techniques to mitigate the risks posed by expansive soils. However, even with these precautions, damage from expansive soil can still be a problem.
How does expansive soil cause problems for concrete slabs?
Minnesota's freezing temperatures can result in dramatic heaving, movement, and cracking if the soils below a concrete slab are not chosen and appropriately prepared and have proper drainage. When we perform a home inspection, our inspectors at HomePro Inspections are looking for and documenting any potential issues with concrete slabs.
How does expansive soil affect concrete slabs?
When concrete cracks, it's usually because of expansive soil. Also known as "swelling clay," expansive soils can wreak havoc on everything from sidewalks and patios to foundations.
Expansive soils contain minerals that absorb water and expand when wet. This can put tremendous pressure on concrete, causing it to crack and crumble, rise, or settle. In some cases, the damage can be so severe that the entire slab needs to be replaced.
There are several ways to deal with expansive soil, but the most important thing is to make sure that any concrete slab you pour has the proper base materials, drainage, and reinforcement. This will help reduce the risk of cracks and provide some protection if they occur. Consult a qualified contractor before beginning any concrete project in an area with expansive soil.
How do freezing temperatures affect expansive soil?
The problem is that concrete is porous, meaning it can absorb water from the ground below. When this water freezes, it expands, putting pressure on the slab above. Over time, this can cause cracks to form in the concrete. In severe cases, the entire slab can even collapse. If you live in an area with cold winters, keep an eye on your concrete slabs and take steps to prevent them from being damaged by freezing temperatures.
Why is it important to repair cracks in concrete?
Concrete slabs are subject to all sorts of stressors, including expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, vehicle weight, and even regular foot traffic. Over time, these stresses can cause cracks to form in the concrete.
While some cracks are purely cosmetic, others can pose a severe safety hazard. For example, if a crack is wide and deep enough, it can cause a trip-and-fall accident. In extreme cases, cracked concrete can even collapse and settle entirely. That's why it's important to repair cracked concrete as soon as any cracks are discovered. By filling in the cracks, you'll not only improve the appearance of your concrete, but you'll also help to prevent further damage due to freeze/thaw cycles. In our home inspection reports, we define concrete cracks as maintenance items or recommended repairs to help our clients prioritize how these issues are resolved.
What are the best methods for repairing cracks in concrete?
Concrete is a sturdy material that can last for many years with proper care. However, even the most well-constructed concrete slab is not immune to cracks. Despite their minor appearance, small cracks can grow larger and cause severe damage if left untreated. Fortunately, there are several effective methods for repairing cracks in concrete.
One popular method is to fill the crack with flexible epoxy resin. This type of resin is designed to expand and contract as the temperature changes, helping to prevent the crack from reappearing. Epoxy resins are available in various colors, so you can also use this method to improve the appearance of your concrete.
Another option is to fill the crack with a polymer-based concrete leveling compound. This compound can be applied using a simple caulk gun, and it will harden in a few hours. Once it's hardened, the concrete leveling compound will help level out any uneven surfaces and prevent the crack from spreading.
Conclusion
Cracked concrete is not only unsightly but can also pose a serious safety hazard. Fortunately, there are a number of effective methods for repairing cracks in concrete. By filling in the cracks, you'll not only improve the appearance of your concrete but also help prevent further damage and keep your sidewalks, driveways, and patios safe.
HomePro Inspections' professionals dedicate themselves to providing the most comprehensive home inspection available. Visit our website to learn more or to schedule your home inspection in the Rochester, Owatonna, and Faribault, MN, area. You can contact us today at (507) 202-8942, by email, or use our online “Schedule Now” feature to schedule an appointment.