Water heater manufacturers recommend that you replace the anode rod in your water heater annually. As a home inspector, I’ve come to understand that virtually nobody does this, with the main reason being that most people don’t realize this vital component exists and what purpose it serves. The home inspection professionals at HomePro Inspections offer the following information to help you understand what an anode rod is, why your water heater has one, how to tell if it needs replacing, and what to do when it’s time for replacement.
Corroded and new water heater anode rods
What is an anode rod, and what does it do?
The purpose of the water heater anode rod is to corrode and collect sediment to prevent it from reaching the heater. The anode rod threads into the top of your water heater and extends into the water tank. Aluminum, magnesium, or occasionally zinc make up its composition. Because magnesium releases electrons more freely than aluminum, it's the most effective material. As the anode rod gives up electrons, it becomes depleted, which requires its replacement.
How do I know if the anode rod is depleted?
Understanding the signs that an anode rod is no longer working properly helps increase the water heater's lifespan and keeps the water quality in your home high. Generally, you should replace the anode rod every three to five years, despite the manufacturer's recommendation for an annual replacement. If you live where the water hardness is high, you will want to replace the anode rod more often.
If you have never replaced the anode rod in your water heater, there are some ways to tell if it needs replacing. The most obvious is if you notice a rotten egg or sulfur smell coming from your hot water. A harmless bacterium causes the foul smell, and although it's not dangerous, you'll likely want to eliminate the unpleasant smell. Another sign might be water that looks slightly different or discolored. Lastly, you have the option to remove the anode rod, inspect it, and replace it if it shows depletion.
The hex head of the anode rod is located at the top of the water heater
When it comes time for replacement, which anode rod material should I choose?
As stated before, anode rods can come in magnesium, aluminum, or zinc. Magnesium and aluminum are the most popular.
· Magnesium
Magnesium is considered the most efficient anode rod, but it has drawbacks. Magnesium is better at preventing corrosion, but it doesn't last as long because it corrodes faster. They are also more expensive.
· Aluminum
An aluminum anode rod is much less expensive than magnesium. Because they don't catch as much sediment, they tend to deplete more slowly. Although they’re cheaper and last longer, they aren’t as effective as magnesium.
In the end, if you live in an area like SE Minnesota, where we have very hard water, you should go with a magnesium anode rod in your water heater. An aluminum anode rod should suit your needs if your water is conditioned or you happen to live in a low-mineral area. While anode rod replacement can certainly be a DIY chore, if you feel you lack the knowledge and skills to do so safely, call a professional plumber.
Summary
Ultimately, a magnesium anode rod should be the go-to choice if you live in an area where there are high levels of minerals in the water. On the other hand, if hard water isn’t a huge concern, then an aluminum anode rod is suitable enough.
At HomePro Inspections, our home inspectors are trained to inspect all areas of the home. Your home inspection report documents any issues found and recommends their resolution by you or a qualified professional.
Visit our website to learn more or to schedule your home inspection in the Rochester, Owatonna, and Faribault, MN areas. Contact us today at (507) 202-8942 or by email, and you can use our convenient online “Schedule Now” feature to schedule an appointment.